Hypertension is documented as high vital sign which may be a major risk factor resulting in disorder. Furthermore, approximately 1.04 billion people within the world reported having hypertension. People who unable to regulate vital signs effectively cause hypertension-related complications including stroke, ischemic heart mortality, coronary failure, etc. Hypertension is known as by the planet Health Organization as “A Silent Killer” that rarely causes any symptoms within the early stage
Cause
There are two forms of hypertension:
Essential Hypertension (Primary Hypertension)
There is not exact identifiable cause for hyperpiesia. It tends to develop gradually over the years through genetic and unhealthy lifestyles like for overweight, physical inactivity, and unhealthy foods.
Secondary Hypertension
Many people who are a diagnosis of hypertension caused by underlying conditions. Diverse conditions that cause high blood pressure as follows:
- Renal disease
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Thyroid disorder
- Cushing syndrome
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Pheochromocytoma
- Primary hyperaldosteronism
- Pregnancy
Sign and Symptoms
Some sign as follows:
- Headache
- Dyspnea or shortness of breath
- Blur vision
- Ring the ear
- Dizziness
- Nausea/vomiting
- Tachycardiac (having a heartbeat fast)
- Chest pain
However, some people with hypertension may not have any signs or symptoms of the abovementioned. Hypertension does not have any signs until it becomes severe and life-threating.
Risk Factors
Two factors lead to uncontrolled blood pressure:
Modified Factors
- Obesity
- Using Tobacco
- Consume too much salt and sodium foods
- Consume foods that contain little potassium
- Unhealthy lifestyle
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Drink too much alcohol
- Stress
Unmodified Factors
- Age
- Race
- Family history with hypertension (high blood pressure)
Read Your Blood Pressure Number
According to the American Heart Association is categorized blood numbers into 5.
Therefore, you should monitor your blood pressure regularly and compare your result with the table above to check whether you have normal blood pressure or high blood pressure at any stage.
Latest update: December 2019
References:
2. A global and hypertension silent killer, global public health crisis. In: Organization WHO, editor. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013.
3. Lesley C, Jean T, Bonnie D. Secondary Hypertension- Discovering the Underlying Cause. American Academy of Family Physicians. 2017;96(7):453-61.
4. American Heart Association. Understanding blood pressure readings: American Heart Association; 2017 [Available from: https://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/KnowYourNumbers/Understanding-Blood-Pressure-Readings_UCM_301764_Article.jsp.
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